By introducing the notion of “degree” in the verification of a condition associated with a problem, it is possible that this condition takes values other than true and false. When a problem requires using variables that can take a continuum of values, the result is expressions that cannot be considered entirely false or true. Fuzzy logic emerges as an alternative solution to problems that classic Boolean logic cannot resolve, given that this approach can only cope with variables adopting only binary values, which are usually mathematically represented by zeros and ones. This term was introduced in 1965 by Lofti Asker Zadeh as a name for a systematic way of addressing problems that human beings usually solve through common sense and experience. When the soil is carefully prepared beforehand and periodically fed with fertilizers, preferably organic, the crop yields can be very satisfactory, which makes it even more interesting to study the ways in which the use of different levels and types of technology for smart irrigation can help to grow better crops in the soil while contributing to rational water use.įuzzy logic is also considered an AI field. It also allows contributions to the recovery of urban soils in parks, front gardens, and other similar spaces, as well as to the simple adaptation of multiple areas using different types of containers to hold the soil. This approach can easily spread among urban growers because it offers fewer barriers to implementation than soilless cultivation. For this reason, this review focuses specifically on the technologies applied to soil crop therefore, it focuses more on irrigation than on the possibility of fertigation, since the soil serves as a buffer for nutrients, and it is also very common to use solid fertilizers in the soil. Although much of the research on technologies applied to agriculture is carried out for soilless crops, the use of soil as a substrate continues to be predominant in both rural and urban crops, and soil cropping is the most used methodology by the urbanite farmer.
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